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NSTARTUPINFO si; PROCESS_INFORMATION pi; ZeroMemory( &si, sizeof(si) ); si.cb = sizeof(si); ZeroMemory( &pi, sizeof(pi) ); CreateProcess( NULL, // No module name (use command line). TEXT("MyChildProcess"),// Command line. NULL, // Process handle not inheritable. NULL, // Thread handle not inheritable. FALSE, // Set handle inheritance to FALSE. 0, // No creation flags. NULL, // Use parent's environment block. NULL, // Use parent's starting directory. &si, // Pointer to STARTUPINFO structure. &pi ); // Pointer to PROCESS_INFORMATION structure. // Wait until child process exits. WaitForSingleObject( pi.hProcess, INFINITE ); // Close process and thread handles. CloseHandle( pi.hProcess ); CloseHandle( pi.hThread );OPO                    D!>740=85/7025@H5=85 ?>B>:0  Win32 HANDLE CreateThread( LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes, SIZE_T dwStackSize, LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE lpStartAddress, LPVOID lpParameter, DWORD dwCreationFlags, LPDWORD lpThreadId); VOID ExitThread(DWORD dwExitCode); BOOL TerminateThread( HANDLE hThread, DWORD dwExitCode); ?8A0=85 DC=:F89 <>6=> =09B8 2 MSDN 8 2 @01>B5 [2]$SP5,                                     !     int GlobalVar = 0; DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc( LPVOID arg ){ *(int*)arg = *(int*)arg + 1; ExitThread(0); } int main(void){ int i; HANDLE Threads[10]; for( i = 0; i < 10; i ++ ){ Threads[i] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadProc, (LPVOID)&GlobalVar, 0, NULL); } for( i = 0; i < 10; i ++ ){ WaitForSingleObject(Threads[i],INFINITE); } return 0; }P                                            H!>740=85/7025@H5=85 ?@>F5AA0  UNIX& %%$ !>740=85 :>?88 ?@>F5AA0 int fork(void); A?>;L7>20=85 @5AC@A>2 ?@>F5AA0 4;O 2K?>;=5=8O C:070==>9 ?@>3@0<<K int exec*(char *path, char* argv[], char **env); 025@H5=85 ?@>F5AA0 void exit(int status); 6840=85 7025@H5=8O ?@>F5AA0-?>B><:0 int wait(int *status); ?8A0=85 DC=:F89 <>6=> =09B8 2 4>:C<5=B0F88 UNIX (man 8;8 info) 8 2 @01>B5 [3]SPST     C           %     .      F!>740=85/7025@H5=85 ?@>F5AA0  UNIX$$$ @/* @>3@0<<0, A>740NI0O ?@>F5AA-?>B><>: 8 70?CA:0NI0O 2 ?>B><:5 4@C3CN ?@>3@0<<C */ int ChildPID, ChildRetCode, RetCode=0; ChildPID = fork(); if( ChildPID == 0 )/*child process*/ exec*(progname,& ); else /*parent process*/ wait(&ChildRetCode); /* more parent code */ exit(RetCode);!Z! P                         B>38@>F5AAK 8 ?>B>:8  >1J5:BK, ?@54AB02;ONI85 ?@>3@0<<K 2> 2@5<O 8E 2K?>;=5=8O @>F5AA  ?0AA82=K9 >1J5:B, 2;045;5F @5AC@A>2 >B>:  0:B82=K9 >1J5:B ! 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T??"``d  NPx??"`9 d N 538>= :>40 (2   N$}??"` d  R 538>= 40==KE(2  NЀ??"` d  @CG0(22  Z??"`=/2  Z??"` { /B   `D??/=jB   f?D??"0?@NNN?N/=M B @  f?D??"0?@NNN?N=`  T??"`? ,$@ 0  N<??"`Bd ,$@ 0 @!B5:(22  T??"`% *  ,$@ 0D   N|??"`  ,$@ 0 0SP IP 7=0G5=8O @538AB@>2(2 B !@  `D??% m % ,$@  0B "@  `D?? m ,$@  0B #  f?D??"0?@NNN?N9,$@ 08 $ N??"` ,$@  0 x@A>AB>O=85 = "3>B>2 : 2K?>;=5=8N"!(2!B &  f?D??"0?@NNN?Ng ,$@  0v ' T ??< ,$ 0 L1. !>740=85 45A:@8?B>@0 ?>B>:0' 2'f0     ( TD ?? < ,$ 0 \"2. !>740=85 AB5:0 2f ) T4 ?? < ,$  0 \3. =8F80;870F8O 0??0@0B=>3> :>=B5:AB0/ 2/f0    X * T4 ?? <',$ 0 B4. #AB0=>2:0 A>AB>O=8O ?>B>:0" 2"f   + T ??t@ t<"01;8F0 45A:@8?B>@>2 ?@>F5AA>2(2 , T ??z F p8"01;8F0 45A:@8?B>@>2 ?>B>:>2(2H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10.ܢ`6Z+D=' = @B D' = @BA?%,( < +O%,( < +D' =%(Du' =%(D' =4@BBBB%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*'%(Df' =%(D' =%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(D' =4@BBBB%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*(%(D~' =%(D&' =%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<* %(D' =4@BBBB%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*#%(D' =4@BBBB%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*!%(D' =4@BBBB%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*"%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*)%(Df' =%(D' =%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*$%(D' =4@BBBB%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*&%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<**%(++0+0 ++0+ 0 ++0+$0 ++0+'0 ++0+(0 ++0+)0 ++0+*0 +  0 *(  x  c $  `}   r  S j `  H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.ߢ6 +D=' = @B +  0  0(  x  c $\ `}   x  c $j `  H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.ߢ0++D=' = @B +  0 00(  x  c $ `}   x  c $3 `Y  H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.ߢƷ+D=' = @B +  0 0(  r  S   `  H  0޽h ? ___f3̙;/f980___PPT10.ԅU#  0  <(  ~  s * `}   ~  s *3 `Y  H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.ߢƷ+D=' = @B +  0  `(  x  c $l& `  H  0޽h ? ___f3̙;/f980___PPT10.ԅU#  0L0 @<(  ~  s *l- `}   ~  s *P8 `  H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.ߢƷ+D=' = @B +  0L0 P<(  ~  s *E `}   ~  s *pF `  H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.ߢƷ+D=' = @B +; 0L0 `(  V  Nf ??"`T J  >48B5;LA:89 ?@>F5AA (PID=123,PPID=1) int ChildPID, ChildRetCode, RetCode=0; ChildPID = fork(); if( ChildPID == 0 )/*child process*/ exec*(progname,:); else /*parent process*/ wait(&ChildRetCode); /* more parent code */ exit(RetCode);0M           N{ ??"` ,$D 0 >G5@=89 ?@>F5AA (PID=456,PPID=123) int ChildPID, ChildRetCode, RetCode=0; ChildPID = fork(); if( ChildPID == 0 )/*child process*/ exec*(progname,:); else /*parent process*/ wait(&ChildRetCode); /* more parent code */ exit(RetCode);0^ ; V       B    `D??< <,$@ 0    `ĉ ?? G,$ 0 Xfork()    N ??"`}  ,$D 0 ,\>G5@=89 ?@>F5AA (PID=456,PPID=123) >4 ?@>3@0<<K progname. 3> 2K?>;=5=85 =0G0;>AL A B>G:8 AB0@B0 ?@>3@0<<K 8 7025@H8BAO 2 B>B <><5=B, :>340 ?@>3@0<<0 2K?>;=8B 2K7>2 exit()>3  m  n   f    NȞ ??"`T  ,$D  0  >48B5;LA:89 ?@>F5AA (PID=123,PPID=1) int ChildPID, ChildRetCode, RetCode=0; ChildPID = fork(); if( ChildPID == 0 )/*child process*/ exec*(progname,:); else /*parent process*/ wait(&ChildRetCode); /* more parent code */ exit(RetCode);0 0 &      B   `D??@,$@ 0B   `D??tt},$@ 01   ` ??S,$ 0 mexec*()(  B   `D??  ,$@  0   `l ?? +1 ,$  0 Xwait()   NP ??"` T ,$D 0  >48B5;LA:89 ?@>F5AA (PID=123,PPID=1) int ChildPID, ChildRetCode, RetCode=0; ChildPID = fork(); if( ChildPID == 0 )/*child process*/ exec*(progname,:); else /*parent process*/ wait(&ChildRetCode); /* more parent code */ exit(RetCode);0        B @  `D??c tc ,$@ 0B   `D?? ttc ,$@  0   ` ?? n ,$  0 Xexit() H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10r.w+4QD' = @B DA' = @BA?%,( < +O%,( < +Df' =%(D' =%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<* %(D' =4@BBBB%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<* %(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<* %(Df' =%(D' =%(D' =4@BBBB%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<* %(D' =%(Du' =%(D' =4@BBBB%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(D' =%(Du' =%(D' =4@BBBB%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(D' =%(D' =%(D' =4@BBBB%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(D' =4@BBBB%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(++0+ 0 ++0+ 0 ++0+ 0 ++0+0 ++0+0 ++0+0 ++0+0 ++0+0 +  0 0(  x  c $ `}   x  c $h `  H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i._0N@>+D=' = @B +$ 0 p$(  r  S ` @  r  S 8    H  0޽h ? ___f3̙;/f980___PPT10.օ1nj  0 <(  ~  s * `}   ~  s * `  H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.&+D=' = @B +   0    (  ~  s *p `}     s * `  ( @`  Z ??"` JM  F@>F5AA(2   fl"??W wjg  @ >B>:   Z& ??"`69F  F@>F5AA(2   f)??pcV  @ >B>:    f .??S  c  @ >B>:     f1??6 cVF  @ >B>:     f@0??g , w @ >B>:    Z`% ??"`-0  F@>F5AA(2    f@>??  @ >B>:     f8??p[N  @ >B>:   Z E ??"`C  b*&5=B@0;L=K9 ?@>F5AA>@(2   fC??   @ >B>: B  # lDԔ?? 6 H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.ۢD+D=' = @B +  0 X(  ~  s *Q `}     s *W `  ( @`H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.ۢD+D=' = @B +]  0 tl(  ~  s *d `}    0 \A H??l/R 8 H z   `g ?? ] 0) >B>:8, >3@0=8G5==K5 2>7<>6=>ABO<8 & 1) >B>:8, >3@0=8G5==K5 2>7<>6=>ABO<8 22>40-2K2>40\\H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.)%+D=' = @B +A  0 XP(  ~  s *i `}    0  hA I? ?"`'X 8 I   Tp ?? 'Y f2A;8 8<5NBAO 2 ?>B>:0 8 1 F5=B@0;L=K9 ?@>F5AA>@, >?5@0F8>==0O A8AB5<0 4>;6=0 >?@545;8BL ?>A;54>20B5;L=>ABL 8A?>;L7>20=8O F5=B@0;L=>3> ?@>F5AA>@0 ?>B>:0<8 2R  Tv ??'Y ;O :064>3> ?>B>:0 <>6=> ?>AB@>8BL 3@0D8: 53> 2K?>;=5=8O 2 >4=>7040G=>9 A@545N 2NH  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.+D=' = @B +  0 h`(  ~  s *x} `}    0 \A J??)E: 8 J n  Th ?? g,$ 0 d%>@>H> ;8 <K @0A?@545;8;8 2@5<O & <564C ?>B>:0<8?63(2"H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10.`+PQFDO' = @B D ' = @BA?%,( < +O%,( < +DA' =%(D' =%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(+8+0+0 +  0 X(  ~  s * `}     s *h `  ($ klmH  0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.­@`+D=' = @B +  0 X(  ~  s * `}     s *,D `  ( @`H  0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.­@`+D=' = @B +  0  X(  ~  s * `}     s *   ($ lmH  0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.­@`+D=' = @B +  0 0X(  ~  s *h `}     s *D `  ($ 345H  0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.­@`+D=' = @B +  0 @X(  ~  s * `}     s *LD `  ($ lmH  0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.­@`+D=' = @B +  0 PX(  ~  s * `}     s *z `  ( @`H  0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.­p+D=' = @B +  0 `X(  ~  s * `}     s * `  ( @`H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.,0R߮+D=' = @B +   0   pZ (  ~  s * `}   vB  ND1?ll vB  ND1? l x  3 Trgֳgֳ1 ?'  ^ >B>:80Z @`R  S ~gֳgֳ? 1?"6?@`NNN?N  f@5<O &$ nKZ pB  HD1?F l\F   3 rgֳgֳ1 ? <  UTID=1Z    3 rgֳgֳ1 ?% <*  UTID=5Z    3 rgֳgֳ1 ?<*} VTID=10Z    3 rgֳgֳ1 ?"<W VTID=99Z pB   HD1?< pB   HD1?\< pB  HD1? \ pB  HD1?F \,F pB  HD1?,|H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.,0R߮+D=' = @B +  0 X(  ~  s * `}     s *, `  ( @`H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i., +D=' = @B +  0 >(  ~  s *l `}   vB  ND1?ll vB  ND1? l x  3 D Egֳgֳ1 ?'  ^ >B>:80Z @`R  S ~gֳgֳ? 1?"6?@`NNN?N  f@5<O &$ nKZ pB  HD1?F lF   3 rgֳgֳ1 ? <  UTID=1Z    3 rgֳgֳ1 ?% <*  UTID=5Z    3 r$gֳgֳ1 ?<*} VTID=10Z    3 rXgֳgֳ1 ?"<W VTID=99Z pB   HD1?  pB   HD1?F F pB  HD1? pB  HD1? I pB  HD1?] pB  HD1?F F pB  HD1? pB  HD1??pB  HD1?F ;dF pB  HD1? d pB  HD1?F F     `  ??9  Y,$ 0 HA5 25@=>? H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10.,0R߮+_uscDO' = @B D ' = @BA?%,( < +O%,( < +DA' =%(D' =%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(+8+0+0 +C  0 ZR(  ~  s * `}   vB  ND1?ll vB  ND1? l x  3 gֳgֳ1 ?'  ^ >B>:80Z @`R  S ~ gֳgֳ? 1?"6?@`NNN?N  f@5<O &$ nKZ pB  HD1?F lF   3 r\*gֳgֳ1 ? <  UTID=1Z    3 r.gֳgֳ1 ?% <*  UTID=5Z    3 rx,gֳgֳ1 ?<*} VTID=10Z    3 rd6gֳgֳ1 ?"<W VTID=99Z pB   HD1?  pB   HD1?F F pB  HD1?jpB  HD1?  pB  HD1? pB  HD1?F ( F pB  HD1? pB  HD1? ~ pB  HD1?F F pB  HD1?  pB  HD1?F F pB  HD1?@   `= ??  z'0ABL ?>B>:>2 <>65B =5 ?>B@51;OBL :064K9 A2>9 :20=B ?>;=>ABLN>>H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.,0R߮+D=' = @B +  0 xp(  ~  s *I `}   vB  ND1?ll vB  ND1? l x  3 Rgֳgֳ1 ?'  ^ >B>:80Z @`R  S ~Tgֳgֳ? 1?"6?@`NNN?N  f@5<O &$ nKZ pB  HD1?F lF   3 r]gֳgֳ1 ? <  UTID=1Z    3 ragֳgֳ1 ?% <*  UTID=5Z    3 rUgֳgֳ1 ?<*} VTID=10Z    3 rdgֳgֳ1 ?"<W VTID=99Z pB   HD1?  pB   HD1?F F pB  HD1?jpB  HD1?  pB  HD1? pB  HD1?F ( F pB  HD1? pB  HD1? ~ pB  HD1?F F pB  HD1?  pB  HD1?F F pB  HD1?pB  HD1?pB  HD1? 5pB  HD1?JspB  HD1?  pB  HD1? pB  HD1?    `r ?? a,$ 0 0 42CE?@>F5AA>@=>9 A8AB5<5 >4=>2@5<5==> 2K?>;=ONBAO =5 1>;55 42CE ?>B>:>2KKH  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10.,0R߮+cDDO' = @B D ' = @BA?%,( < +O%,( < +DA' =%(D' =%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(+8+0+0 +  0 X(  ~  s *  `}     s *@ `  ( @`H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.L+D=' = @B +  0 8(  ~  s * `}   H"  3 G:"`    C L"` "  d. &5=B@0;L=K9 ?@>F5AA>@y  3 ` p 7BLB  c $D    0&  ^!?8A>: ?>B>:>2 2 A>AB>O=88 3>B>2 : 2K?>;=5=8N00y  3 ` # p 7CLB   c $D# 3 y   3  `3 pp 7DLB   c $Dpy   3  `p 7E   3   "`c 5Es  7H  3 "`c _os  7F  3 "`c s  7G  0 5 } v@!?8A>: 5I5 =5 70?CI5==KE ?>B>:>2!!y  3 m3 p} 7ILB  c $Dpy  3 Pm} 7JRB  s *DXB  0DXB  0Dc XB  0DXB  0DRcc XB  0D5c   0 v l6>B>:8 2 A>AB>O=88 >6840=8O  3 "`c  s  7AXB  0D  XB @ 0Dpz z    0 s  n8>B>: 2 A>AB>O=88 2K?>;=5=8OXB  0D  H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.Up+D=' = @B +  0L0 6(  ~  s * `}   x  c $ `  H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.d^ +D=' = @B +  0L0 X(  ~  s * }     s * `  ($ lmH  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.I+D=' = @B +E  0 \ T  (  ~  s *d `}     s * E `  ( @`H"  3 G:"`    C "`   d. &5=B@0;L=K9 ?@>F5AA>@y  3 ` p 7BLB  c $D   0 G0 &  ^!?8A>: ?>B>:>2 2 A>AB>O=88 3>B>2 : 2K?>;=5=8N00y   3  ` p 7CLB   c $D y   3 D `p 7DLB   c $Dy   3  `)p 7E  3 4"`c s  7H  3 $"`c s  7F  3  "`c brs  7GXB  0DUUc XB  0D5UXB  0Dc XB  0Dc   0$ v l6>B>:8 2 A>AB>O=88 >6840=8O  3 )"`c s  7AXB  0D  XB @ 0Dp     0. G=s  n8>B>: 2 A>AB>O=88 2K?>;=5=8OXB  0D  H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.u,+D=' = @B +  0L0 *(  x  c $07 `}   x  c $8z `V   vB  ND1?H9HR  S ~9gֳgֳ? 1?"6?@`NNN?NHY f@5<O &$ nKZ   T??"`T    T??"`T   T??"`T :J    T??"`T & B   ZD?? J B   ZD??  B   ZD?? & B   ZD??  B  ZD??q JJT B  ZD??q ::T B  ZD??q T B  ZD??q T B  ZD??q T B  ZD??q T B  ZD??q T B  ZD??q &&T B  3 rD?? :J B  3 rD?? B  3 rD??  B  3 rD?? &    `I ?? g8  ^t0$     ``O ??   ^t1$     `S ??  ^t2$     `Y ?? S$  `tn$  H  0޽h ? ___f3̙;/f9___PPT10i.xIa+D=' = @B +  0 0 X(   ~   s *To `}      s *q   ($ lmH   0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.9po+D=' = @B +Y  0 ph@(  ~  s *X| `}   ^  6    TH~ ??- ^&>G5@548 ?@8>@8B5B>2(2  Tp ??  f.A0<K9 2KA>:89 ?@8>@8B5B(2  Th ?? J  d,A0<K9 =87:89 ?@8>@8B5B(2  TІ ??"`_-o N@8>@8B5B 4 (2   T ??"`o-  N@8>@8B5B 3 (2    T8 ??"` -  N@8>@8B5B 2 (2    T0 ??"` -  N@8>@8B5B 1 (2    Z?? s B   ZD?? -    Z?? ^ s B  ZD??     Z??R B  ZD??-  Z?? ^ R B  ZD??   Z??@ R B  ZD??] @   Z?? R B  ZD?? H  0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.9po+D=' = @B +  0 PX(  ~  s *` `}     s * `  ( @`H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.@N+D=' = @B +  0 `X(  ~  s * <}     s *M `s  ($ 345H  0޽h ? 3f3f___PPT10i.@N+D=' = @B +  0 pX(  ~  s * `}     s *nE `,  ( @`H  0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.:KD+D=' = @B +  0L0 ,(  ,~ , s *\ `}    , T ??c  f.A0<K9 2KA>:89 ?@8>@8B5B(2 , T[E ?? c J  d,A0<K9 =87:89 ?@8>@8B5B(2 , T ??"`_J o N@8>@8B5B 4 (2  , TL ??"`oJ   N@8>@8B5B 3 (2  , T ??"` J  N@8>@8B5B 2 (2  , T ??"` J  N@8>@8B5B 1 (2   , Z??  s B  , ZD??    , Z?? a s B  , ZD?? ~ a    , Z??  R B , ZD??  , Z??a R B , ZD??~ a  , Z??R B , ZD?? , Z??GR B , ZD?? , Tx ??J . ^&>G5@548 ?@8>@8B5B>2(2 , T ??U. n6?;0=8@>20=85 2=CB@8 >G5@548(2 , T` ??a VRR(2  , T ??q  VRR(2  , T$ ??   XFCFS(2  , TX ??   VRR(2 H , 0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.>Pu+D=' = @B +  0 0Z(  0~ 0 s *L  `}    0 s *] `  *T y zH 0 0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.>d+D=' = @B +  0L0 4X(  4~ 4 s * `}    4 s *!M `s  ( @`H 4 0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.?.+D=' = @B +  0L0 86(  8~ 8 s *4. `}   x 8 c $ /M `s  H 8 0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.>-\+D=' = @B +  0L0 <p(  <^ < 6^^L < S A M??]'  MA~ < s *@: `}   H < 0޽h ? +T3f3f80___PPT10.?~>  0L0 @6(  @~ @ s *A `}   x @ c $B# `I  H @ 0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.>-\+D=' = @B +  0L0 D~(  D^ D 6^^Z D S A  N??"`q  NA~ D s *S `}   H D 0޽h ? +T3f3f___PPT10i.?~>+D=' = @B +   0 " (   ~   s *W*aJSOIZ=b7f+n+n5Ngu @Q^^r (0/0@                      > F  \  BeC0DE FdnoCCsd',NTbq+7=II39@Ee  $#&>W*aJSOIZ=b7f+n+n5Ngu @Q^^r (0/0@                       t  \  BeC0DE FdnoCCsd',NTbq+7=II39@Ee  $#&>W*aJSOIZ=b7f+n+n5Ngu @Q^^r (0/0@                        * \  BeC0DE FdoCCsd',NTbq+7=II39@Ee  $#&>W*aJSOIZ=b7f+n+n5Ngu @Q^^r (0/0@                      S"  r *  \  BeC0DE FdoCCsd',NTbq+7=II39@Ee  $#&>W*aJSOIZ=b7f+n+n5Ngu @Q^^r (0/0@                      S" s H B  \ # l?D1?"0?@NNN?N) g^ B  \ # l?D1?"0?@NNN?N)   B  \  fD1?"  B  \ # l?D1?"0?@NNN?N f B \ # l?D1?"0?@NNN?NF   * \  BeC0DE FdoCCsd',NTbq+7=II39@Ee  $#&>W*aJSOIZ=b7f+n+n5Ngu @Q^^r (0/0@                      S"  #u B \ # l?D1?"0?@NNN?N  V  \ c 4??"` Gs  7- \ c (??"`) *  7- \ c Ч??"` G9  7- \ c YY??"` W  7+ \ c EYY??"`s 9  7+ \ c YY??"`V   7+H \ 0޽h ? ___f3̙;/f9___PPT10i.܅w +D=' = @B +$  0 l$(  lr l S  `}   r l S  `  H l 0޽h ? ___f3̙;/f980___PPT10.߅ྲ-0  0 p0(  px p c $ `}   x p c $P `  H p 0޽h ? ___f3̙;/f980___PPT10.߅ྲ-$  0 t$(  tr t S d `}   r t S < `  H t 0޽h ? ___f3̙;/f980___PPT10.`M9 f 0  (  X  C      S  @    H  0޽h ? ̙3380___PPT10.x(" 0 ((  ^  S      c $p @    H  0޽h ? ̙3380___PPT10.x("R 0  b(  ^  S      c $d) @`  H@___PPT9" >6=> @0AA<>B@5BL 3 7=0G5=8O ?0@0<5B@0 "a": a = 0: T(n+1) = 0*t(n) + (1-0)*T(n) = T(n) = & = T(0) K ?>;CG8;8 D8:A8@>20==>9 7=0G5=85 E0@0:B5@8AB8:8 (D0:B8G5A:8, D8:A8@>20==K9 ?@8>@8B5B) a = 1: T(n+1) = 1*t(n) + (1-1)*T(n) = t(n)  @57C;LB0B5 CG8BK205BAO B>;L:> 2@5<O >1@01>B:8 ?>A;54=53> 70?@>A0 a = 0.5: T(n+1) = 0.5*t(n) + (1-0.5)*T(n) = & = 0.51*t(n) + 0.52*t(n-1) + & + 0.5n+1t(0) + 0.5n+1*T(0) #G8BK205BAO 2@5<O :064>9 >1@01>B:8, => 1>;55 @0==85 7=0G5=8O 8A?>;L7CNBAO A <5=LH8<8 :>MDD8F85=B0<8 (CAB0@520NB A> 2@5<5=5<).," ,1  .'         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NSTARTUPINFO si; PROCESS_INFORMATION pi; ZeroMemory( &si, sizeof(si) ); si.cb = sizeof(si); ZeroMemory( &pi, sizeof(pi) ); CreateProcess( NULL, // No module name (use command line). TEXT("MyChildProcess"),// Command line. NULL, // Process handle not inheritable. NULL, // Thread handle not inheritable. FALSE, // Set handle inheritance to FALSE. 0, // No creation flags. NULL, // Use parent's environment block. NULL, // Use parent's starting directory. &si, // Pointer to STARTUPINFO structure. &pi ); // Pointer to PROCESS_INFORMATION structure. // Wait until child process exits. WaitForSingleObject( pi.hProcess, INFINITE ); // Close process and thread handles. CloseHandle( pi.hProcess ); CloseHandle( pi.hThread );OPO                    D!>740=85/7025@H5=85 ?>B>:0  Win32 HANDLE CreateThread( LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes, SIZE_T dwStackSize, LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE lpStartAddress, LPVOID lpParameter, DWORD dwCreationFlags, LPDWORD lpThreadId); VOID ExitThread(DWORD dwExitCode); BOOL TerminateThread( HANDLE hThread, DWORD dwExitCode); ?8A0=85 DC=:F89 <>6=> =09B8 2 MSDN 8 2 @01>B5 [2]$SP5,                                     !     int GlobalVar = 0; DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc( LPVOID arg ){ *(int*)arg = *(int*)arg + 1; ExitThread(0); } int main(void){ int i; HANDLE Threads[10]; for( i = 0; i < 10; i ++ ){ Threads[i] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadProc, (LPVOID)&GlobalVar, 0, NULL); } for( i = 0; i < 10; i ++ ){ WaitForSingleObject(Threads[i],INFINITE); } return 0; }P                                            H!>740=85/7025@H5=85 ?@>F5AA0  UNIX& %%$ !>740=85 :>?88 ?@>F5AA0 int fork(void); A?>;L7>20=85 @5AC@A>2 ?@>F5AA0 4;O 2K?>;=5=8O C:070==>9 ?@>3@0<<K int exec*(char *path, char* argv[], char **env); 025@H5=85 ?@>F5AA0 void exit(int status); 6840=85 7025@H5=8O ?@>F5AA0-?>B><:0 int wait(int *status); ?8A0=85 DC=:F89 <>6=> =09B8 2 4>:C<5=B0F88 UNIX (man 8;8 info) 8 2 @01>B5 [3]SPST     C           %     .      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